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In Search Of The Perfectly Vine Ripened Tomato
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A Complex of Begomoviruses Affecting Tomato Crops in Nicaragua
Aldo Rojas
Department of Plant Biology and Forest Genetics Uppsala
Doctoral thesis
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala 2004
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Samples were collected in three locations of the country (Condega, Santa Lucia, and Sebaco) from tomato plants showing typical symptoms of begomovirus infection. The symptoms found in the fields were diverse and included severe to mild mosaic, yellowing, downward curling, leaf distortion, veinal chlorosis and severe stunting. The samples were transferred to Sweden and direct PCR detection of begomoviruses in leaf extracts was carried out as described (Wyatt and Brown, 1996).
Conclusions
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Tomato, pepper and cushaw in Nicaragua are infected by several begomoviruses, of which ToSLCV, ToLCSinV and PepGMV were found in both tomato and pepper. Mixed infections with begomoviruses seem to be common in horticultural crops in Nicaragua.
- Taken together these results clearly show that the disease caused by begomoviruses in tomato plants cannot be “controlled” by conventional methods like insecticide applications. An IPM (Integrated Pest Management) program is necessary for the management of the problem. Resistant varieties are needed, as a component of the IPM program, but the high diversity of the begomoviruses could be make this approach very difficult to obtain.
- Resistant tomato varieties seem to be necessary for slowing down the epidemics, but production of such varieties will be difficult due to the high diversity of begomoviruses infecting the tomato crops.http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/727/1/Agraria492.pdf
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